Gambia being the smallest country in Africa has an area of 11300 square kilometers which is surrounded by Senegal by three sides. It has a coastal stretches of around 75 kilometers and it is situated on a sandy peninsula between the mouth of river Gambia and the Atlantic Ocean. The land is almost flat except the upper river region and some parts of lower region where there are few hills. Almost 25 percent of the land is covered by wetlands and the river flows from east to west. The river is divided into fresh water and salt water. The country is about 40 kilometers wide and 430 kilometers long and has total land boundaries of 740 km. About 1200 square kilometers is water.